SOLAR CELL OR PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL

CONSTRUCTION AND FUNCTION OF SOLAR CELL 

 BELOW  QUESTIONS  GIVE THE ANSWER TO THE FUNCTION OF THE SOLAR CELL 

1. How to make a  N - type semiconductor ?

        In the normal silicon material the doping is take place with the pentavalent  atoms like PHOSPHORUS  . In this type of semiconductor  electrons are the majority charge carriers .

               

2. How to make a  P - type semiconductor ?

        In the normal silicon material the doping is take place with the Tetravalent atoms like BORON. In this type of semiconductor Holes are the majority charge carriers.

                    

3. What will happen when the light is fall on the  N - type semiconductor ?

         When the light fall on the  N - type semiconductor, the bond brakes to the extra electron present in the atoms which are loosely  bonded. So the electrons are random in motion.

4. What will happen when both  P - type and  N - type are combines ?

        When we combine both types of semiconductor , the electrons in the  N - type is combine with the holes in the  P - type by the driving force . It produce the depletion  region in the          middle  

                             

5. What is the depletion layer ?

         It is the region , in which there is no free electrons and holes.

                        

6. What happen when the light fall on the depletion layer ?

        When light fall on the depletion region, leads to the generation of ELECTRON - HOLE pair.

                         

CONSTRUCTION :

1. Place a thin heavily doped  N - type material at the top .

2.Place a thick lightly doped  P - type material at the bottom.

3. Both the  P - type and  N - type are packed in a can with glass window on top.

4. A nickel ring is provided around the  P - type is act as positive terminal.

5. A metal is contact with the  N - type is act as negative terminal .

FUNCTION :

      When the light is fall on the depletion region it generate the ELECTRON - HOLE pairs which create the potential difference which produce the DIRECT CURRENT to flow in the load.(refer above questions)